Notes

Notes for Psychology of the Individual with exceptionalities 11/12-11/17 · Dispositions o Being punctual for college and k-12 activities o Fulfilling commitments in reliable manner o respecting confidential information o Accepting constructive feedback o Displaying a positive and enthusiastic attitude o Dresses professionally o Demonstrating the belief that all students are valuable and can learn o Demonstrating equitable interactions with all students o Seeking opportunities to grow professionally · Builders of Community o How do educators build community § Classrooms § Schools § Greater community · Previous/present Goals of Education o Teach people to read bible and defeat Satan o Create informed citizens in order to participate in the democratic process o Create individuals to participate in economic system o Social stratify individuals into social and economic classes o Decrease the divorce rate o Solve problems with obesity o Transmits values of society · Thomas Jefferson o “All human beings irrespective of the accident of their birth are entitled to enjoy the aspirations of being fully complete and free human beings.” · IDEA o Individuals w/disability Education Act § “disability is a natural part of the human experience in No way diminishes the right of the individual to participate in or contribute to society o Outcomes of the Law § Improving education results in children with disability is an essential element of our national policy of insuring · Equality of opportunity · Full participation · Independent living · Economic self sufficiency o Proposed 5th outcome § Reciprocal relationships · Everyone benefits from experiences assisting others · Introduction to IDEA o Originally PL 94-142 Education for all Handicapped Children Act § 1st enacted in 1975 § Open schools to all students who had disabilities § Current focus: · To provide a free appropriate public education to all students with disabilities · Span of Special Education o IDEA now serves from Birth-21 o 3 Sections § Intent of the Law § Serving Kids 3-21 § Students ages birth-2 · Demographics o 6 million 6-21 o 369,596 0-3 o 670,750 pre-school o 2/3 boys o 1/3 girls o 1.8%-18% gifted and talented § More male than female · Eligibility o Need o Special education Services are provided where the students are § Classroom § Home § Hospital § Institution § other o Part B   § There are 12 different categories under which students may be served o Part C   § Early intervention § Diagnosed condition § States have the option to serve at risk children · Special Education o Specially designed instruction for those students who need specially designed instruction · 6 principles of IDEA o Zero reject o No discriminatory o Appropriate education o Procedural due process o Parent participation

Notes for Psychology of the Individual w/Exceptionalities January 19, 2011 · What is discrimination o The United Nations explains,” Discriminatory behaviors take many forms, but they all involve some sort of exclusion and rejections.” (united nations CyberSchool Bus: what is discrimination) o ** We are concerned with disability Discrimination; which is discrimination against people with disabilities ** § What groups have been discriminated against in the history of American public Schools · Grill Story o African Americans o If we make a policy that limits an action that only a certain groups of students participate in that’s discrimination · Groups Previously Discriminated against o Anyone who isn’t a rich white male o Catholics o Types of Discrimination § Exclusion-individuals are not allowed to participate in programs or services · Happened before 1975 § Misclassifications – individual are classified in a manner that is not consistent with their traits or abilities · After 1975 o Story of not getting the right help because of the way you learn whether it be visual or auditory o Lives could be changed forever o History of Discrimination § Institutionalization · (Europe and North America) began in the 17th century. This is the practice of putting the mentally ill, mentally disabled, or criminally minded, individuals into mental hospitals § Deinstitutionalization · (mid-20th century) the process of replacing long stay hospitals with lesser isolated community based treatments. In the United States this occurred into two waves: 1050’s mentally ill; mid-1960’s-developmental disabilities o Not only did society needed to changes so did people’s ideas § Normalization · Process of making previously institutionalized individuals normalized within an environment · Both public perspective and the individuals had to be normalized o Schools § 1920’s –compulsory education · Mandatory Public education § 1950’s · Deinstitutionalization § 1954  · Brown v. Topeka Board of Education o Separate but equal will never be equal § Minority have the same rights to go to school as majority § 1966   · ESEA includes programs for individuals with disabilities § 1972  · PARAC v. Pennsylvania and Mills v. Washington, DC    o Pennsylvania students with disabilities receive free education § 1975   · PL-94-142 EAHCA, IDEA (FAPE) o Take Away § Discrimination § Institutionalization § Deinstitutionalization § Exclusion § Misclassification § Brown v. Topeka § ESEA § PARC and Mills o Concepts § History of discrimination for those with disabilities § Discrimination in Schools